30 September 2014

DENTAL TRAUMA EMERGENCY--AVULSION OF TOOTH







Living and growing carry a high risk of trauma. A child will not learn to walk without falling, and few children reach 4 years of age without having received a blow to the mouth.

Possible complications of dental trauma:
Ø No obvious injury/fracture
Ø Mobile /loosening of teeth
Ø Crown fracture or crack


Ø Root fracture
Ø Displacement of teeth either axially or laterally-intrusion,extrusion, lateral luxation

Ø Avulsion

   
First aid for avulsed teeth
If a tooth is avulsed, make sure it is a permanent tooth (primary teeth should not be replanted).
1    1. Keep the patient calm.

    2. Find the tooth and pick it up by the crown (the white part). Avoid touching the root.

  3. If the tooth is dirty, wash it briefly (10 seconds) under cold running water and reposition it. Try to encourage the patient / parent to replant the tooth. Bite on a handkerchief to hold it in position.

  4. If this is not possible, place the tooth in a suitable storage medium, e.g. a glass of milk or a special storage media for avulsed teeth if available (e.g. Hanks balanced storage medium or saline).
If the patient is very young, he/she could swallow the tooth if keeping it between molars and cheeck- therefore it is advisable to get the patient to spit in a container(saliva) and place the tooth in it.
Avoid storage in water!

   5. Seek emergency dental treatment immediately.
See your dentist as soon as possible for management. Early and prompt treatment improves the prognosis of the treatment significantly.

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